Frederick Barbarossa ruled Holy Roman Empire from 1152 to 1190. Alexander the Great conquered from Greece to Pakistan without losing battles. Constantine founded Constantinople and achieved administrative brilliance. Julius Caesar transformed Roman Republic into powerful empire. Cleopatra ruled Egypt from 69BC to 30BC with strategic mind
The term "republica" derives from the Latin phrase meaning "public affair". Aristotle first defined "politeia" as a mixture of oligarchy and democracy. Ancient Greek and Roman republics influenced modern republican thought
Argentina covers 2,780,400 km² and is the second-largest country in South America. The name "Argentina" comes from Italian meaning "silver-colored". The earliest human presence dates back to Paleolithic period. Inca Empire expanded northwest of the country in Pre-Columbian times
Liberalism emphasizes individual rights, liberty, and equality before the law. John Locke is credited with founding liberalism based on social contract theory. Liberalism advocates limited government, private property, and market economies
Yale professor Linz identifies three main types: democracies, totalitarian regimes, and authoritarian regimes. Plato categorized five regimes: aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, and tyranny. Modern classification includes monarchies as standalone or hybrid systems
Democracy derives from Greek words meaning "citizen rule". More than 2000 different democratic variations exist. United States is a representative, electoral, presidential, and constitutional democracy