Febrile seizures occur with high body temperature without serious health issues. Affects 2-10% of children, more common in boys. Most common between 6 months and 5 years of age
Biliary atresia is a childhood liver disease affecting bile ducts. Occurs in 1 in 10,000-15,000 US births and 1 in 16,700 British Isles. Most common in East Asia at 1 in 5,000
Childhood hip disorder caused by disrupted blood flow to femoral head. Bone dies and stops growing due to lack of blood supply. Disease affects 5.5 of 100,000 children per year. Boys affected 4:1 ratio, most common between ages 4-10
Croup is a viral respiratory infection causing tracheal swelling. Characterized by barking cough, inspiratory stridor and hoarseness. Symptoms usually worsen at night and last 1-2 days. Fever and runny nose may be present
About 80% of childhood cancer cases can be successfully treated in high-income countries. Most common types are leukemia (32%), brain tumors (18%), and lymphomas (11%). Survival rate improved from 58% in mid-1970s to 85% now. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy
Congenital malformation of bronchial tree, accounting for 5-10% of pediatric mediastinal masses. Forms between 4th-6th weeks of embryogenesis, lined by secretory respiratory epithelium. Most common in middle mediastinum (65-90%), with male predilection in intrapulmonary cases