The vomer is a thin, plow-shaped bone that divides the nasal cavity. It articulates with the sphenoid, ethmoid, maxilla, and palatine bones. The bone has two surfaces covered by mucous membrane. It forms the posteroinferior part of the nasal septum
The ethmoid bone is a light, spongy bone located between the orbits. It consists of two delicate, hollow blocks joined by the cribriform plate. The cribriform plate is perforated, allowing olfactory nerves to pass through. The bone articulates with 13 bones including frontal, sphenoid, and maxillae
Nasal turbinates are shell-shaped networks of bones and tissue in nasal passages. There are three main turbinates: superior, middle, and inferior. Sometimes there is a fourth turbinate called supreme turbinate. Each turbinate is separated by spaces called meati
The nose has both external and internal parts, with external nose protecting inner nose. External nose consists of bony root and cartilaginous septum, supported by alar, lateral and septal cartilages. The internal nasal cavity is divided into vestibule, respiratory and olfactory regions. The nasal conchae divide cavities into four air channels
The lateral wall of the nasal cavity humidifies and filters inhaled air. The agger nasi is a small ridge located midway along the middle nasal concha. The anterior nasal aperture forms the opening into the cartilaginous nasal vestibule