Hydronics uses water as heat transfer medium in heating and cooling systems. Systems include chilled water, hot water, steam, and ground source heat pumps. Commercial buildings may combine chilled and heated water loops
Elevators evolved from ropes and pulleys in the past. Lifts have existed for billions of years. Elisha Otis invented safety elevator in 19th century
House drainage system carries waste water from domestic activities. System consists of three types of pipes: soil, sullage, and ventilation. Waste water flows through pipes due to gravity with 2-3% standard gradient
Wavin AS is a sound-absorbing, hot water-resistant pipe system for sewage pipes. Made of Astolan material with density of 1.9 g/cm³. Available in DN 56 to DN 200 dimensions. Suitable for hospitals, hotels, offices and multi-family apartments
European standard approved by CEN on November 22, 2014. Supersedes EN 1253-1:2003 and EN 1253-2:2003. Available in English, French, and German versions
European Standard for gravity drainage systems in buildings. Applies to dwellings, commercial, institutional and industrial buildings. Describes calculation methods for non-siphonic roof drainage systems. Sets performance requirements for siphonic roof drainage systems