Born in 1871, Russell left traditional education at age 9. Self-taught through autodidactism, believing in cosmic connection. Studied at Massachusetts Normal Art School and Boston School of Impressionism
Epicurus' philosophy aimed at happiness through absence of pain and disturbance. He believed in radical materialism without transcendent entities like Platonic Ideas. Fear of death and punishment was primary cause of human anxiety. System included advice on politics, gods, sex, marriage, and friendship
Chemical reactions convert substances into different products through atom rearrangement. Chemical reactions are essential for technology, culture, and life processes. Physical changes like ice melting don't involve chemical reactions
Born in Turin in 1776 to a family of distinguished Italian lawyers. Initially studied ecclesiastical law before turning to natural sciences. Started private physics and mathematics studies in 1800
Chemical compounds contain elements in fixed mass ratios. Law was proposed by Joseph Proust in 1797. Initially controversial, opposed by Berthollet
Born in Vienna in 1844, studied mathematics and physics at University of Vienna. Worked closely with Josef Stefan, who introduced him to Maxwell's work. Married Henriette von Aigentler in 1876, had four children