Established in 2017 as part of EU's Common Security and Defence Policy. Initially allocated €90 million for research, later increased to €1 billion annually. Total budget for 2021-2027 reduced to €8 billion due to COVID-19. Up to 100% research funding and 80% development funding allowed
EU aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030. Package includes clean transport support and carbon border adjustment. EU Emissions Trading System extended to transport and heat. More measures ensure energy remains affordable than IEA's net-zero scenario
Biomass accounts for 59% of EU's renewable energy consumption in 2021. Germany is EU's largest solid biomass producer in 2021. EU industry sector consumed 21.1 Mtoe biomass in 2021
CBA aims to level playing field between domestic and foreign producers. Mechanism prevents carbon leakage by imposing carbon content charges. CBAM ensures fair competition for domestic industries. System promotes global climate goals through consistent emission reduction
Freshwater covers 2/3 of Earth's surface but only 1% is easily accessible. SDG 6 aims to ensure water availability and sanitation by 2030. Global water stress increased by 0.1% between 2008-2018. Climate change and pollution intensify freshwater resource competition
Established in 1958, based in Brussels and Luxembourg. Led by president and 27 commissioners from each EU member state. Currently led by Ursula von der Leyen, serving for five more years. Employs around 32,000 staff, with 14% Belgian representation