Civic engagement is collective action addressing public concerns through political and non-political actions. Civic engagement includes volunteerism, community engagement, and government work. Tufts University categorizes engagement into civic, electoral, and political voice
Urban planning focuses on land use, infrastructure, and built environment design. Traditionally followed top-down approach with public welfare focus. Now emphasizes social and environmental sustainability. Guides orderly development in urban, suburban, and rural areas
Turkish cities emphasize elder care and knowledge sharing. London aims for diverse, vibrant age-friendly community. Sausalito Mayor recognizes benefits for all age groups. Tampere ranks as happiest senior citizens of 2020
PHC is a whole-of-society approach to strengthen national health systems. Provides universal health care accessible to all community members. Based on scientifically sound methods and socially acceptable technology. Emphasizes community participation and self-reliance
Community service is volunteer work organized within specific communities. Volunteering can be voluntary or compulsory, like court-ordered work. Participants can come from all sectors including employees and students
Volunteering is doing work for noble causes without remuneration except genuine costs. It can be physical or mental work, not just cash donations