Flowers are reproductive structures of plants. Flowers can be complete or incomplete. Complete flowers consist of vegetative and reproductive parts
Pollination is the transfer of pollen from anther to stigma for seed production. Pollination can be biotic (animals) or abiotic (wind, water, rain). About 80% of angiosperms rely on biotic pollination
Stigma is the receptive tip of a carpel in flower gynoecium. Composed of stigmatic papillae that receive pollen. Can vary from long slender to globe shaped to feathery. May be split into lobes, capitate, or punctiform
Pollen tube is a tubular structure produced by male gametophyte in seed plants. Acts as conduit to transport male gametes from pollen grain. Can grow up to 12 inches long in maize. First discovered by Giovanni Battista Amici in 19th century
Vegetables refer to fresh edible portions of herbaceous plants. Vegetable-fruit distinction is difficult to maintain. Vegetables include roots, stems, leaves, flowers, seeds, and fruits
Pine trees need special care during first few years. Bare-root seedlings should be planted in late fall/winter. Container-grown seedlings can be planted anytime. Keep roots damp but avoid soaking. Plant trees 10-12 feet apart in well-draining soil