Adult testicles are 2-3 inches long and 1 inch wide. Testicles should feel firm and smooth like eggs. Asymmetrical testicles are common and usually not problematic. Testicles may differ in size during fetal development. Testicles tend to decrease in size with age
Testes produce testosterone and sperm, which descend into scrotum at 8 weeks. Penis is covered by mucous membrane and contains bulbus glandis for mating. Genital tract includes epididymis for sperm storage and prostate for fluid
Self-exam helps detect changes in testicle appearance and feel. Regular exams can raise awareness of testicular conditions. Changes may indicate benign conditions or testicular cancer
Malignant trophoblastic cancer usually affecting placenta. Early hematogenous spread to lungs. Presents with increased pregnancy hormone levels and chest symptoms. Can occur in testis or ovary as germ cell tumor
Seminoma is a malignant germ cell tumor of testicle or extra-gonadal locations. Survival rate exceeds 95% if discovered early. About half of testicular germ cell tumors are seminomas. Average age of diagnosis is between 35 and 50 years
Testicular cancer typically presents as a painless lump in the testicle. Symptoms may include swelling, pain, or firmness in the scrotum. Diagnosis requires physical examination, ultrasound, and blood tests. Inguinal orchiectomy is the primary treatment method