Mamluk Sultanate ruled Egypt, Levant and Hejaz from mid-13th to early 16th centuries. Established in 1250 after Ayyubid dynasty's overthrow in Egypt. Ruled by military caste of mamluks, Abbasid caliphs were nominal sovereigns. Mamluks defeated Mongols at Ain Jalut in 1260
Kurdish Ayyubid dynasty founded by Saladin in Egypt. Brothers Ayyub and Shirkuh served as Zengid soldiers. Saladin proclaimed sultan in 1174 after Nur al-Din's death
Historical drama about Mamluk Sultanate's decline in 16th century. Created by Mohamed Soliman Abdul Malek for Genomedia Studios. Total runtime of 11h 26m across 14 episodes
Founded by Osman in 1299, Ottoman Empire reached peak in 16th-17th centuries. Conquered Constantinople in 1453 under Mehmed II the Conqueror. Expanded into Balkans, Mediterranean islands, and parts of Middle East. Conquered Egypt, Iran, and North Africa under Selim I
Born in Amasya in 1470 to II. Bayezid and Ayşe Hatun. Became sultan in Istanbul on April 24, 1512 at age 42. Governed Trabzon (1494-1510) and Semendire (1511)
Easterling who grew up in Nakash desert plains. Served local warlord and participated in desert wars. Led successful rebellion against tyrant warlord. Unified eastern tribes under his leadership