Spina bifida occurs when neural tube doesn't close properly during pregnancy. Three main types: occulta (mild), myelomeningocele (most serious), meningocele (rare). Risk factors include low folate levels during pregnancy and family history. More common in Hispanic and white people, affects females more often
Brain contains four ventricles filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Lateral ventricles form "C" shape, connect to third ventricle via interventricular foramina. Third ventricle located in diencephalon, fourth in hindbrain. CSF produced by choroid plexus moves from ventricles to brain and spinal cord
Spina bifida is a birth defect affecting spinal column and spinal cord. Occurs when neural tube tissues fail to close properly in womb. Three types exist: occulta (hidden), meningocele (cyst), and myelomeningocele (most severe)
Ireland has one of the highest rates of NTDs with 1.17 per 1000 live births. Approximately 500 children (0-18 years) in Ireland have spina bifida. Life expectancy improved significantly with modern medical advances
Fetal surgery treats congenital abnormalities in pregnant fetuses. Three main types: open, minimally invasive fetoscopic, and percutaneous therapy. First successful human open fetal surgery performed at UCSF in 1981. Fetal interventions are relatively new with advancing technologies
Spina bifida is a birth defect with incomplete closure of spine and spinal cord. Three main types: occulta, meningocele, and myelomeningocele. Occulta is mildest form with hairy patch or dimple. Myelomeningocele is most severe form with spinal cord and nerve damage. Caused by combination of genetic and environmental factors