CPAP provides constant pressurized air through face mask. Most common treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. Pressure setting determined by doctor based on sleep study. AutoCPAP adjusts pressure automatically based on airway resistance
Handheld device helps retrain lungs to take slow, deep breaths. Used after surgery and to manage lung conditions like COPD and asthma. Helps maintain healthy air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange
HFNC delivers heated and humidified gas up to 60 L/min through nasal cannula. System includes air/oxygen blender, active humidifier, heated circuit, and nasal cannula. Reduces anatomical dead space and maintains constant FIO2
Developed by Soviet physiologist Konstantin Buteyko in 1950s. First official study conducted in 1968 at Leningrad Institute. Method introduced to Australia, New Zealand, Britain and US
Galen first used mechanical breathing in second century. Iron lung (1929) was first widely used negative-pressure ventilation machine. Modern positive-pressure ventilation developed during WWII. Polio epidemic in 1950s led to widespread use in ICU
NIV delivers breathing support through face, nasal mask or helmet. Air is given under positive pressure, alternating with breathing. Different from continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)