Risk factor is a variable associated with increased disease or infection risk. Determinant is often used as synonym in medicine, but differs in public health. Clinical practice example: vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy. Public health determinant: poverty affects individual health standard
60-70% of thrombosis patients have specific inherited thrombophilia. Factor V Leiden mutation affects 3-8% of White adults, increasing risk 5x. Antithrombin deficiency occurs in 1/2000-5000 population. Protein C deficiency affects 1/60-300 healthy adults
Non-communicable diseases are now the leading causes of death globally. Heart diseases and cancers cause every second death globally. Infectious diseases account for 1-in-7 deaths globally. Five million children under five die yearly globally
Cerebellar stroke affects blood vessels in brain's lower-back area. Cerebellum controls balance, voluntary movements, and eye movements. Less than 2% of all strokes are cerebellar strokes
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that attacks body tissues. Immune system mistakenly attacks synovium lining of joints. Genetic component appears likely but doesn't cause disease itself
Brain tumors can be primary (in brain tissue) or secondary (from other parts). Primary tumors occur when cells change DNA and grow uncontrollably. Secondary tumors result from cancer spreading to brain from other organs. DNA changes can be inherited or occur spontaneously