Painted in 1862-1863 as "Le Bain" (The Bath). Depicts nude woman and bather with two dressed men in rural setting. Rejected by Salon jury, exhibited at Salon des Refusés. Now in Musée d'Orsay, smaller version at Courtauld Gallery
Emerged in France around 1848 Revolution as reaction to Romanticism. Rejected exotic subjects and exaggerated emotionalism. Focused on depicting real and typical contemporary people. Emphasized unidealized subjects and social classes. Used gloomy earth tones to avoid idealization
The Sistine Chapel Ceiling by Michelangelo depicts biblical scenes from Genesis. The Birth of Venus by Botticelli shows Venus emerging from a nude form. The Grand Odalisque by Ingres depicts an exotic woman in an orgy manner. The Liberty leading the people by Delacroix illustrates the French Revolution
Titian defined 16th century Venetian art with brushwork techniques. Michelangelo created influential frescoes in Sistine Chapel. Caravaggio pioneered Baroque painting with dramatic lighting. Velazquez created complex 'royal paintings' like Las Meninas
Las Meninas by Velázquez combines three different themes in one painting. Primavera by Botticelli depicts spring growth based on ancient mythology. The Tower of Babel by Bruegel shows Roman engineering in detail. The Storm on the Sea of Galilee by Rembrandt depicts Jesus's survival through storm
There are seven main types of paintings: Portrait, Landscape, Still Life, Abstract, History, Religious and Allegorical. Portrait paintings capture human figures, while Landscape paintings focus on natural elements. Still Life paintings depict inanimate objects, while Abstract art uses shapes and colors. History paintings tell narratives about specific periods, while Religious paintings depict biblical stories. Allegorical paintings symbolize deeper spiritual or moral meanings