Referendum comes from Latin "referre" meaning "to carry back". Term originated in Swiss canton of Graubünden in 16th century. Can be binding (policy adoption) or advisory (opinion poll)
UK joined European Economic Community (EEC) in 1973. De Gaulle vetoed UK's 1963 and 1967 applications due to agricultural differences. UK's first referendum in 1975 resulted in 67.2% support for staying
Switzerland's 200-article constitution was adopted in 1848 and revised in 2000. Constitution creates consociational democracy to maintain political balance. Federal government oversees security, foreign policy, and monetary system
Brexit marks Britain's first voluntary exit from European Union. No deal exists between UK and EU, discussions ongoing. Britain formally withdrew on January 31, 2020
Six European countries formed ECSC in 1951 to facilitate trade. UK applied for EEC membership in 1963 and 1967, vetoed by France. UK joined EEC in 1973 alongside Denmark and Ireland
England was divided into kingdoms after Roman Empire's fall in 5th century. Alfred the Great unified Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and fought Vikings. William the Conqueror unified English kingdoms in 1066