Random number generator creates unpredictable results for security and cryptography. C has two inbuilt functions: rand() and srand(). PRNG converts starting number (seed) to generate unpredictable results
Random numbers are arbitrary values without specific patterns. John von Neumann introduced first pseudo-random number generation in 1946. Random numbers are used in gaming, cryptography, and password generation
Python's random module provides various methods for generating random numbers. Randomness is crucial for simulations, games, cryptography and data analysis. Security-sensitive applications should use secrets module instead
Math.random returns random double between 0.0 and 1.0. Random.nextInt generates random integers within specified range. Random.ints returns IntStream of random integers. ThreadLocalRandom optimizes for multithreaded environments
Program calls srand once, then rand once and exits. Same srand value produces identical pseudo-random sequence. Current implementation generates single element from time seed
Java 7+ uses ThreadLocalRandom for most random number generation. Java 17 introduced RandomGenerator interface for pseudorandom generators. SecureRandom provides cryptographically strong random numbers