Polish is the only official language recognized by the Polish constitution. Polish Sign Language is used by deaf communities. 16 languages are recognized as minority languages
Poland was inhabited by various ethnic groups including Celts, Slavs, and Germanic peoples. Western Slavic Lechites established permanent settlements during Early Middle Ages. Duke Mieszko I converted to Christianity in 966, creating Polish statehood
Poland is a high-income, emerging and industrialized economy. GDP reached $863 billion in 2024, ranking 21st globally. Service sector dominates with 62.3% of GDP, followed by industry (34.2%). Economy grew 826.96% between 1989 and 2018
Poland's population reached 37.6 million as of December 2023. Population density is 120 people per square kilometer. 59.45% of population lives in urban areas. Median age is nearly 43 years
Poland starts with 17 factories and 40 divisions in 1936. No naval factories available, only 9 military factories. Must choose between appeasing one power or fighting both
Warsaw is Poland's capital and largest city with 1.86 million residents. Located on Vistula River in east-central Poland, 523 km east of Berlin. Classified as alpha global city and major cultural and economic hub