Modbus ASCII uses 256 characters, while RTU uses 256 characters. ASCII data is split into two bytes for each ASCII character. ASCII data range is limited to 16 hexadecimal characters
Snap7 is an open-source library for S7 protocol communication between PLCs. Tutorial requires TIA Portal, PLCSim Advanced, and Python installation. Snap7.dll must be placed in System32 folder for Windows installation
Control systems manage devices using control loops. Systems range from home heating to industrial process control. Control engineering process designs control systems. Feedback controllers automatically control processes
RS232 is an old serial communication protocol introduced in 1960s. Data is transmitted bit by bit sequentially over computer bus. Used for medium-distance data transmission up to 50 feet
Message system displays and records operating states and errors in systems. System divided into user-defined and system-defined message procedures. Messages can be configured for control panel and PLC monitoring
FBD is a graphical PLC programming language following IEC 61131-3 standard. Functions are organized into boxes with inputs and outputs. Engineers commonly use boxes to describe systems graphically