Chemical formula is Fe2O3, obtained from hematite ore. Valency of iron is 2 and 3, forming ferric and ferrous compounds. Occurs naturally in neutral state with balanced valence electrons
Specific heat capacity measures heat needed to raise 1 kg of matter by 1°C. Heat capacity is extensive property varying with matter size and quantity. Heat capacity formula: c = Q/ΔT, where Q is heat energy and ΔT is temperature change
Solute is the substance that dissolves in solvent to form solution. Solvent is the substance present in greater quantity than solute. Water is considered universal solvent due to its polarity
Hydrogen bond is an electrostatic force between hydrogen and electronegative atom. Forms when hydrogen is covalently bonded to electronegative atom with lone pair. Stronger than dipole-dipole but weaker than covalent bonds
Intermolecular forces are electrostatic attractions between molecules in compounds. These forces affect physical properties like melting and boiling points. Polarity of molecules determines the type of intermolecular forces
Oxygen is a colorless, odorless gas essential for human life. Oxygen makes up about 21% of air by volume. One mole of oxygen contains 32 grams of oxygen