Machiavelli wrote The Prince after his 44-year diplomatic career ended. Born in Florence in 1469 during Lorenzo de' Medici's rise to power. Florence was a republic with unstable government controlled by Medici family
Born in 1475-1476 as illegitimate son of Pope Alexander VI. Studied law at Studium Urbis and became cardinal at age 18. Resigned from cardinalate in 1498 to pursue military career
Written by Machiavelli in 1517, published posthumously in 1531. Contains dedication letter and three books with 142 numbered chapters. Focuses on first ten books of Livy's History of Rome
Machiavelli was an Italian writer known as the father of political science. His writings were based on real-life situations and experiences. He advocated for rulers using all means for greater good
Born in Florence in 1469 to a prominent Florentine noble family. Served as Chancellor and Secretary to the Second Chancery from 1494 to 1512. Traveled extensively during the Italian Renaissance, meeting major European leaders. Imprisoned in 1512 after the return of the Medici to power
Principalities can be hereditary or new, acquired through conquest or natural means. New states can be entirely new or grafted onto existing ones. Hereditary states are easier to maintain due to long-term tradition