Located in right ventricle's superior portion on right dorsal heart side. Usually has three leaflets: anterior, posterior, and septal. Closes during systole to prevent backflow, opens during diastole. May have two or four leaflets, number can change over lifetime
RVH is abnormal enlargement of cardiac muscle surrounding right ventricle. Main causes include pulmonary artery, tricuspid valve or airway problems. Worldwide incidence of pulmonary hypertension is 4 per million people. RVH occurs in approximately 30% of pulmonary hypertension cases
MVP is characterized by thickened mitral valve leaflet displacement into left atrium. Affects 2-3% of population, with 1 in 40 people having it. First described by John Brereton Barlow in 1966
ARBs block angiotensin II receptor type 1 to reduce blood pressure. Main uses include hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, and heart failure. Less adverse effects than ACE inhibitors. Used when ACE inhibitors cause persistent dry cough
BNP is a hormone produced by heart and blood vessels. It helps lower blood pressure by opening blood vessels. BNP and NT-proBNP levels increase during heart failure
Bendopnea is shortness of breath within 30 seconds of bending over. Occurs due to fluid shifts and pressure changes in abdomen. Can be accompanied by chest pressure and sense of suffocation