Coronary arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to heart muscle. Heart muscle requires continuous blood supply unlike other muscles. Blockages can lead to angina or heart attack. Damage depends on artery location and blockage severity
Edward Jenner created first smallpox vaccine, saving 20% of population. Charles Drew established America's first large-scale blood bank. Elizabeth Blackwell became first woman to receive medical degree in US. Daniel Williams performed first successful heart surgery in US
Liv Hospital opened in Istanbul in 2013 and now operates in Ankara. Hospital covers 25,000 square meters of indoor space. Named after "Leading International.Vision" healthcare philosophy
ASD is a congenital hole between right and left atria. Large ASDs require closure to prevent heart damage. Untreated ASD can lead to pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure
RACHS-1 system evaluates surgical outcomes for congenital heart disease. Aristotle score assesses complexity and surgical results. EuroSCORE evaluates cardiac operative risk in Europe
First TAVI performed by Alain Cribier in 2002 for severe aortic stenosis. Implantation of aortic valve through blood vessels without valve removal. No medication available for severe aortic stenosis