Bugis are Austronesian ethnic group in south-western Sulawesi, Indonesia. Settled around Lake Tempe and Sidenreng around 2500 BC. Early inhabitants practiced farming, hunting and trade. Home construction on stilts with simple clothing and bronze weapons
Mongols established Ilkhanid dynasty in northwest Iran (1256-1353) after defeating Seljuks in 1243. Anatolia was a distant frontier land in Ilkhanid center. Western Anatolia saw local dynasties emerge in second half of 13th century
Chagatai Khanate ruled Central Asia from 1227 to 1363 CE. Founded by Genghis Khan's second son Chagatai in 1220 CE. Remained nomadic but developed less economically than other Mongol states. Capital was Samarkand, a hub for camel caravans