Henley wrote "Invictus" in 1875 after losing his left leg due to tuberculosis. He traveled to Edinburgh in 1873 to save his remaining leg. The poem was published in 1888 in his first volume of poems
Born in 1858 to a family in public service, son of statesman Ali Rıza Bey. Received Western-style education and studied agriculture in France. Discovered positivist ideas in Paris, influenced by Comte and Robinet
Nome was inhabited by Iñupiat natives before gold discovery. Gold was discovered by "Three Lucky Swedes" in 1898. Population reached 10,000 by 1899, making it Alaska's largest city. Gold mining continued until population declined significantly
Built from 1573 to 1813 around original Aztec temple site. Designed by Claudio de Arciniega, inspired by Spanish Gothic cathedrals. Construction involved multiple generations and social classes. Cost covered by Spanish Crown, Comendadores and Indians
Nunavut covers 2 million km² with 36,858 residents (2021), including 30,865 Inuit. Territory includes mainland, Arctic Archipelago and Hudson Bay islands. Divided into Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canadian Shield and Arctic Lands regions