Islamic calendar is lunar, tied to Moon phases and new moon. New month begins after Waxing Crescent Moon after sunset. Calendar has 12 months with 29 or 30 days. Years begin in 622 CE when Muhammad migrated to Medina
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Years begin in 622 CE when Muhammad migrated to Medina","chapters":[{"id":0,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Islamic calendar is lunar, tied to Moon phases and new moon"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"New month begins after Waxing Crescent Moon after sunset"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Calendar has 12 months with 29 or 30 days"},{"id":3,"link":null,"text":"Years begin in 622 CE when Muhammad migrated to Medina"}],"title":"Basic Principles"},{"id":1,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Islamic year is 11 days shorter than solar year"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Calendar is completely detached from astronomical seasons"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Traditional version requires official moon sighting for month length"},{"id":3,"link":null,"text":"Modern modified versions use arithmetical rules for month length"}],"title":"Technical Aspects"},{"id":2,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Based on Ancient Arab calendar with lunar system"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Caliph Umar introduced Islamic year count in 638 CE"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Leap month system abolished after Makkah conquest"},{"id":3,"link":null,"text":"Tabular Islamic calendar developed in 8th century CE"}],"title":"Historical Development"},{"id":3,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Cannot be used for agriculture or seasonal activities"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Most Muslim countries use Gregorian calendar alongside Hijri"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"New months may start earlier in some Muslim countries"},{"id":3,"link":null,"text":"Year numbers will coincide with Gregorian calendar in 20874 CE/AH"}],"title":"Practical Considerations"}],"keypoints":null},"type":"text","categoryId":"education","url":"https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/islamic-calendar.html","urlProcessed":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/education/islamic-calendar-structure-and-operation-id1-lKjcqstu","pageUrl":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/t/hicri-takvim","sharingPath":"education/islamic-calendar-structure-and-operation-id1-lKjcqstu","tags":[{"href":"/yaozet/t/tarih","text":"Tarih"},{"href":"/yaozet/t/din","text":"Din"},{"href":"/yaozet/t/hicri-takvim","text":"Hicri Takvim"}]}]},"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"aju0w03-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary_main_response"}}}}},"type":"summary_main_response"},"aju03":{"state":{"isIndex":false,"form":{"name":"yaozet","action":"/yaozet/create","validatePath":"/yaozet/create/json"},"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"aju0w04-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"right-column"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"right-column"},"aju04":{"state":{"generalLinks":[{"id":"privacy-policy","text":"Gizlilik politikası","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/legal/privacy_policy/tr/"},{"id":"terms-of-service","text":"Kullanıcı sözleşmesi","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/legal/yaozet_termsofuse"},{"id":"report-error","text":"Hata bildir","url":"https://forms.yandex.com.tr/surveys/13748122.01a6645a1ef15703c9b82a7b6c521932ddc0e3f7/"},{"id":"about-company","text":"Şirket hakkında","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/project/portal/contacts/"}],"copyright":{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr","currentYear":2025},"socialLinks":[{"url":"https://www.tiktok.com/@yandex.turkiye","type":"tiktok","title":"TikTok"},{"url":"https://www.youtube.com/@YandexTurkiye","type":"youtube","title":"Youtube"},{"url":"https://www.facebook.com/YandexComTr","type":"facebook","title":"Facebook"},{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/yandex__turkiye/","type":"instagram","title":"Instagram"},{"url":"https://x.com/yndxturkiye","type":"x","title":"X"}],"categoriesLink":[],"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"aju0w05-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"footer_tr"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"footer_tr"}}