Electrochemistry studies electricity generation from chemical reactions. Electrons transfer during oxidation-reduction reactions to produce electricity. Chemical and electrical energy can be converted through electrochemical processes
Cadmium is a silver-white metal, soft like tin, with crackling sound. It melts and boils at low temperatures, vapor is deep yellow. Found in zinc ores, especially zinc blende, containing 0.1-0.3% cadmium
Chromium was discovered in 1797 by Nicolas-Louis Vauquelin. Most chromium ores are chromite mineral with 42-56% content. Natural chromium consists of four stable isotopes
Nickel(II) sulfate is a turquoise salt with formula NiSO4(H2O)6. Approximately 40,000 tonnes produced in 2005. Seven different sulfate salts exist, varying in hydration and crystal habit. Anhydrous form decomposes to NiO above 640°C
Electrometallurgy uses electrical energy to produce metals through electrolysis. It is the final stage in metal production after pyrometallurgical or hydrometallurgical operations. The field encompasses seven main processes: electrolysis, electrowinning, electrorefining, electroplating, electroforming, electropolishing, and etching
Water splitting converts water into oxygen and hydrogen through chemical reactions. Photosynthesis performs water splitting but doesn't produce hydrogen. Hydrogen fuel cells are based on the reverse process