National Convention led by rotating presidents from 1792 to 1795. Directory had rotating presidential elections from 1795 to 1799. Napoleon Bonaparte proclaimed himself Emperor in 1804
President serves as chief executive and commander-in-chief of South Korean Armed Forces. Must be South Korean citizen, 40 years old, and lived in country for 5 years. Constitutional predecessor is Korean Provisional Government established in 1919
Born in 1926 as first child of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. Became heir presumptive in 1936 after her father's ascension. Served in Auxiliary Territorial Service during World War II. Married Prince Philip in 1947, had four children
Three former states had female heads of state: East Germany, Tannu Tuva, and Yugoslavia. Khertek Anchimaa-Toka became world's first elected female head of state in 1940. Sirimavo Bandaranaike became first female prime minister in 1960. Isabel Perón became first female president in 1974. Vigdís Finnbogadóttir served as longest-serving non-hereditary female head of state
Abraham Lincoln led US during Civil War with unmatched communication skills. Martin Luther King Jr. fought civil rights using nonviolent tactics. Nelson Mandela fought apartheid in South Africa, spent 27 years in prison. Mahatma Gandhi united soft skills with powerful ideas for Indian independence
Born in 1732 as first child of wealthy Virginia landowner Augustine Washington. Became successful land surveyor, completing 200 expeditions measuring 60,000 acres. Lost brother Lawrence to smallpox in 1752, becoming owner of Mount Vernon