Kidneys are fist-sized bean-shaped organs located on either side of spine. Each kidney measures 10-12 cm long, 5-7 cm wide, 3-5 cm thick. Covered in connective tissue and fat, receives 20% of body's cardiac output. Contains about 1.3 million nephrons for filtering blood
Surgery to place healthy kidney from donor into failing kidneys. Kidneys filter waste and minerals from blood, producing urine. End-stage renal disease occurs when kidneys lose 90% normal function
Available in capsules, tablets, suspension, powder, and delayed-release tablets. Mycophenolate mofetil: 1g PO/IV q12hr for kidney transplant. Mycophenolic acid: 720mg PO q12hr for kidney transplant. Heart transplant: 1.5g PO/IV q12hr for allogeneic heart transplant. Liver transplant: 1g IV q12hr or 1.5g PO q12hr for allogeneic liver transplant
First successful kidney transplant performed in 1954 by Murray and Harrison. Worldwide 95,479 kidney transplants performed in 2018, 36% from living donors. Transplantation required for end-stage kidney disease with GFR below 15 ml/min/1.73 m2
First successful renal transplantation performed in 1954 by Dr. Murray. 5-year survival rate in transplanted kidneys is 70%, compared to 30% on dialysis. Most transplants occur from living donors (23 per million people)
First successful human kidney transplant performed by Dr. Murray in 1954. Kidney transplantation is most effective therapy for end-stage renal disease. Annual cost of dialysis is $60,000-$80,000, transplantation costs $10,000 after first year