Ventilation is intentional outdoor air introduction into spaces. Mechanical ventilation uses fans to push/draw air in/out. Natural ventilation relies on wind pressure and stack effect. Mixed-mode systems combine mechanical and natural processes
Hallway is an interior space connecting other rooms in buildings. Hallways are typically long and narrow. Minimum hallway width is 36 inches in US residences. Hallways are wider in high-traffic settings like schools and hospitals. John Thorpe was first architect to replace rooms with corridors in 1597
Standard room size ranges from 120 to 200 square feet. Minimum room area for living room is 9.5 square meters. Minimum room width for living room is 2.4 meters. All habitable rooms must be at least 2.75 meters high
Povl Ole Fanger developed PMV and PPD to measure thermal comfort. Thermal comfort depends on skin temperature and sweat secretion balance. Human body adapts to environment up to certain temperature range
CEN approved this European Standard on April 23, 2004. Available in English, French, and German versions. CEN members must comply with national standard requirements
Standard specifies fire resistance testing for doors and windows in vertical separating elements. Covers various door types including hinged, sliding, folding, tilting, and rolling shutters. Applies to openable windows and operable fabric curtains