Founded in 696 as an episcopal see, named after salt barges on the Salzach. Became archbishopric in 798, known for salt mining and trade. Hohensalzburg Fortress built in 1077, one of Europe's largest medieval castles. Experienced significant population growth after World War II
Highway tunnel between France and Italy under Mont Blanc in Alps. Links Chamonix with Courmayeur via French and Italian motorways. Reduces France-Turin route by 50 km and Milan by 100 km
Founded as Gallic village in 43 BC, became Roman city in 381. Became Dauphiné capital in 11th century, later joined France in 1349. Industrial development started with glove factories in 18th century. Hosted X Olympic Winter Games in 1968, leading to modernization
Chamonix is a commune in Haute-Savoie, France, located north of Mont Blanc. First mentioned in 1091 as Campum munitum, meaning fortified plain. Became part of Savoy family territory from 11th to 14th centuries. Hosted first Winter Olympics in 1924
Switzerland is a landlocked country in Western and Central Europe. Country extends 220 km north-south and 350 km east-west. Main mountain ranges are Swiss Alps (60%), Plateau (30%), and Jura (10%). Switzerland has 6% of Europe's freshwater reserves
Italy's climate varies from humid subtropical to Mediterranean. Country spans 301,230 km² with 7,900 km coastline. Over 35% of territory is mountainous, including Alps and Apennines. Po River flows through largest plain, covering 46,000 km²