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Genome Editing Overview and Applications

Yapay zekadan makale özeti

Technology and Development: Genome editing enables scientists to modify DNA in various organisms
First technologies emerged in late 1900s, CRISPR introduced in 2009
CRISPR is faster, cheaper, and more accurate than older methods
Research Applications: Scientists study diseases in animals like mice and zebrafish
Mice and humans share 85% of their genes
Burgess lab focuses on zebrafish genes related to human deafness
Disease Treatment: Gene therapies can prevent and treat diseases with genomic basis
Two types exist: germline (passed down) and somatic (personal)
2015 UK case showed successful somatic therapy for leukemia
Technical and Ethical Challenges: CRISPR tools sometimes cut incorrectly
Safety and technical improvements remain critical
Ethical concerns include embryo editing and access to treatments
Many countries have strict regulations against germline editing