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Fortran Programming Language Overview

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History and Basics: Fortran was developed at IBM in 1954 by John Backus
First published in 1957, standardized by ANSI in 1966
Used for mathematics, engineering, statistics and scientific computation
Data Types: Five main data types: Integer, Real, Complex, Logical, Character
Implicit 'None' declaration recommended for proper variable checking
Supports arrays, file operations, formatted input/output
Control Structures: Includes do-loop, do-while and nested loops
Features decision structures like if-then-else and select-case
Provides control structures for conditional execution
Programming Features: Functions accept input and return results
Subroutines modify input without returning anything
Supports recursion and derived data types
Includes debugging tips for error handling
Development Tools: Compilers include GNU Fortran, Intel Fortran, PGI Fortran
IDEs like Code blocks IDE and SimplyFortran available
Offers extensive libraries for mathematical computation