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Evolution and Rankings of Roller Coasters
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- Historical Development
- Early wooden sleds were popular in Russia during 16th-17th centuries
- First train-attached wooden coasters appeared in France early 1800s
- Steel coasters became common in mid-20th century, found worldwide except Antarctica
- Competition and Innovations
- Amusement parks compete for tallest, fastest, and longest rides
- Computer simulations improved quality and durability
- Magnum XL-200 introduced first complete-circuit over 200 feet in 1989
- Notable Records
- Kingda Ka holds world's tallest record at 456 feet (139 m)
- Formula Rossa reaches world's fastest speed at 149 mph
- Steel Dragon 2000 is world's longest at 8,133 feet (2,479 m)
- The Smiler features fourteen inversions
- Current Status
- Competition pace has slowed since 2013
- Kingda Ka closed in 2024