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EBITDA measures core corporate profitability excluding interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. Calculated by adding back interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization to net income. Can be calculated using either net income or operating income formula
Ratio analysis evaluates company financial health through various financial metrics. It compares line-item data from balance sheet and income statement. Used by investors and companies to assess performance and growth potential
Discount rate is used in calculating net present value (NPV) of investments. NPV helps determine if proposed projects generate profit. NPV greater than zero indicates profitable project. Internal rate of return (IRR) is discount rate making NPV equal to zero
NPV calculates difference between present value of cash inflows and outflows. Used in capital budgeting to analyze project profitability. Positive NPV indicates project profitability, negative NPV suggests loss
Online calculator determines IRR for investments with cash flows. Tool accepts initial investment and up to 25 cash flow periods. Outputs IRR, gross return, and net cash flow