Most earthquake deaths occur in 2-8 story buildings and offices. Past 40 years' seismic code revisions failed to reduce deaths. Main causes of damage are architectural configuration, inadequate detailing, and construction inspection
QR codes replace marginal markings for code changes in 2024 edition. QR codes provide precise identification of technical revisions. Digital Codes Premium offers additional features and content. NFC tag registration available for IMC and IPC books
Concrete cover is the minimum distance between embedded reinforcement and concrete surface. Cover protects reinforcement from corrosion, fire, and environmental damage. Required cover depends on environmental conditions, steel size, and concrete strength
12-story condominium building in Surfside, Florida collapsed on June 24, 2021. 98 people died, including 1 unborn child and sister of Paraguayan First Lady. Building contained 136 units, including controversial rooftop penthouse. Pool deck collapsed first, followed by central and eastern wing
Store construction began in 1987, completed in 1990. Chairman Lee Joon changed plans to create department store. Building was flat-slab structure without crossbeams. Columns were reduced to 60 cm diameter instead of required 80 cm
Seismic isolation reduces earthquake forces by changing stiffness and damping. Buildings can be isolated from ground or within structures. Systems can be classified as active, passive or hybrid