Highest mountain in Japan, reaching 12,388 feet near Pacific coast. Located in Yamanashi and Shizuoka prefectures, 60 miles west of Tokyo. Base circumference about 78 miles, with 25-30 mile diameter. Summit crater spans 1,600 feet diameter, sinking to 820 feet
Located in sub-Antarctic region, 450 km from Australia and 3,300 km from Madagascar. Main island Grande Terre covers 6,675 km2, surrounded by 300 smaller islands. Part of Kerguelen Plateau, formed by volcanic eruptions 35 million years ago
Eight major volcanic islands extending 1,500 miles from Hawaii to Kure Atoll. Formed by volcanic activity over Hawaiian hotspot at 32 miles per million years. Total land area of 6,423.4 square miles, including 137 islands and atolls. Only U.S. state entirely on an archipelago, excluding Midway Atoll
Lava is molten rock expelled from Earth's interior at temperatures 800-1,200°C. Most lava has viscosity 10,000-100,000 times that of water. Lava flows can travel long distances due to solid crust formation
Active volcanoes have erupted during Holocene (11,700 years ago). There are 1,350 potentially active volcanoes worldwide. 500 volcanoes have erupted in historical time. 500 million people live near active volcanoes
Japan is an archipelago of 14,125 islands spanning 3,000 km along Pacific coast. Main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, and Shikoku. 73% of Japan is mountainous, with Mount Fuji reaching 3,776 m. 66% of terrain is forest, with highest forest cover in developed nations