Punishment involves inflicting pain or loss for law violations. Premodern societies initially used vindictive punishment. Biblical "eye for an eye" principle influenced modern punishment. State eventually took over punitive function for public order
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State eventually took over punitive function for public order","chapters":[{"id":0,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Punishment involves inflicting pain or loss for law violations"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Premodern societies initially used vindictive punishment"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Biblical \"eye for an eye\" principle influenced modern punishment"},{"id":3,"link":null,"text":"State eventually took over punitive function for public order"}],"title":"Historical Development"},{"id":1,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Modern theories emerged in 18th century European humanitarian movement"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"19th-20th centuries focused on deterrence and social regeneration"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Westerners criticized traditional view of punishment's limited responsibility"}],"title":"Modern Theories"},{"id":2,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Punishment justified by moral requirement for amends"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Severity should be proportional to offense gravity"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Punishment can serve educational function reinforcing societal values"},{"id":3,"link":null,"text":"Some theories prohibit collective punishment and hostage taking"}],"title":"Retributive Theories"},{"id":3,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Punishment justified by deterrence of criminal behavior"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Focus on both general and individual deterrence"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Some emphasize beneficial consequences for individuals and society"}],"title":"Utilitarian Theories"}],"keypoints":null},"type":"text","categoryId":"law","url":"https://www.britannica.com/topic/punishment","urlProcessed":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/law/evolution-and-theories-of-punishment-id2-ksO8QoWE","pageUrl":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/t/tutuklama","sharingPath":"law/evolution-and-theories-of-punishment-id2-ksO8QoWE","tags":[{"href":"/yaozet/t/hukuk","text":"Hukuk"},{"href":"/yaozet/t/ceza","text":"Ceza"},{"href":"/yaozet/t/tutuklama","text":"Tutuklama"},{"href":"/yaozet/t/tarihsel-gelismeler","text":"Tarihsel Gelişmeler"}]}]},"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"77ddw03-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary_main_response"}}}}},"type":"summary_main_response"},"77dd3":{"state":{"isIndex":false,"form":{"name":"yaozet","action":"/yaozet/create","validatePath":"/yaozet/create/json"},"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"77ddw04-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"right-column"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"right-column"},"77dd4":{"state":{"generalLinks":[{"id":"privacy-policy","text":"Gizlilik politikası","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/legal/privacy_policy/tr/"},{"id":"terms-of-service","text":"Kullanıcı sözleşmesi","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/legal/yaozet_termsofuse"},{"id":"report-error","text":"Hata bildir","url":"https://forms.yandex.com.tr/surveys/13748122.01a6645a1ef15703c9b82a7b6c521932ddc0e3f7/"},{"id":"about-company","text":"Şirket hakkında","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/project/portal/contacts/"}],"copyright":{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr","currentYear":2025},"socialLinks":[{"url":"https://www.tiktok.com/@yandex.turkiye","type":"tiktok","title":"TikTok"},{"url":"https://www.youtube.com/@YandexTurkiye","type":"youtube","title":"Youtube"},{"url":"https://www.facebook.com/YandexComTr","type":"facebook","title":"Facebook"},{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/yandex__turkiye/","type":"instagram","title":"Instagram"},{"url":"https://x.com/yndxturkiye","type":"x","title":"X"}],"categoriesLink":[],"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"77ddw05-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"footer_tr"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"footer_tr"}}