Nails are skin appendages made of keratinocytes, about 1mm thick. Fingernails grow 3mm monthly, toenails slightly slower. Nails regrow 4-6 months for fingernails, 12 months for toenails
Healthy nails are smooth, uniform in color, and free of pits. Vertical ridges can appear from cuticle to nail tip. White lines may develop from injury, which will grow out
Tinea unguium is a fungal infection affecting nails, particularly toenails. Caused by dermatophytes, most commonly Trichophyton species. Thrives in warm and moist environments
Tinea unguium is a fungal nail infection causing yellow or white patches. Usually affects toenails, especially during puberty. Can be caused by damp surfaces, infected people or pets
White nails (leukonychia) are partial or full discolouration of nail plates. True leukonychia shows discolouration, apparent leukonychia disappears with pressure. Can be total, punctate, longitudinal or striate. Can be congenital or acquired