E2E testing validates complete application workflow from start to finish. Ensures all integrated components function together as expected. Simulates real user scenarios to check system interactions
Selenium Python bindings provides API for functional/acceptance tests using WebDriver. Current supported Python versions are 3.5 and above. Documentation focuses on Selenium 2 WebDriver API, not Selenium 1/RC
Selenium provides find_element and find_elements methods for locating elements. By class specifies which attribute to use for element location
XPath axes help identify dynamic elements not found by normal XPath methods. Dynamic elements change attributes on webpage refresh. Common axes include child, parent, ancestor, sibling, preceding, self
Selenium Server (Grid) version 4.27.0 is the latest stable release. Internet Explorer Driver Server required for latest features. Selenium IDE plugin available for Chrome, Firefox and Edge. Nightly builds provide bug fixes and new features
Selenium's getText() method retrieves visible text from web elements. Method returns text as string, trimming leading/trailing whitespace. Text is not hidden by CSS styles. Returns empty string if no text exists