Peritoneal dialysis was first used in 1959 for end-stage renal disease. Henry Tenckhoff developed first indwelling catheter in 1968. Advantages include better mobility and lower mortality in first years. Disadvantages include poor blood pressure control and risk of peritonitis
Kt/V quantifies dialysis treatment adequacy using clearance, time, and volume of distribution. Developed by Frank Gotch and John Sargent for National Cooperative Dialysis Study. Hemodialysis target is ≥ 1.3, peritoneal dialysis target is ≥ 1.7/week
Peritoneal dialysis uses abdominal peritoneum as membrane for fluid exchange. Removes excess fluid, corrects electrolyte problems and toxins in kidney failure. Better outcomes than hemodialysis during first two years. Requires technical skill and permanent abdominal tube
Peritoneal dialysis removes waste products from blood using abdominal lining. Cleansing fluid flows through tube into abdomen for 4-6 hours. Different from hemodialysis, which filters blood outside body
Dialysis is needed when kidney function drops below 15% of normal levels. Stage 5 CKD requires dialysis or kidney transplant. Asymptomatic patients can delay starting until eGFR is 5-7 mL/min/1.73 m2
Dialysis removes waste products from blood when kidneys fail. Kidneys filter blood, control fluid levels and produce red blood cells. Normal kidney function measured by creatinine and eGFR