Cell cycle is a series of stages for cell division and reproduction. Parent cell divides into two daughter cells with half cytoplasm and DNA. Main parts are mitosis (division) and interphase (growth and DNA replication)
Mitosis is cell division forming two identical daughter cells with same chromosome number. Process occurs in eukaryotic cells, except germ cells where chromosome number halves. Essential for cell growth and replacement of worn-out cells. Abnormal mitosis may lead to genetic disorders
Centrosome is main microtubule organizing center in animal cells. Composed of two centrioles arranged at right angles. Surrounded by pericentriolar material containing microtubule nucleation proteins. Each centriole contains nine-triplet microtubule assembled in cartwheel structure
Gametogenesis involves cell division to form mature haploid gametes. Can occur through meiosis or mitosis depending on organism's life cycle. Alternation of generations exists between meiosis and gametogenesis
Somatic cells form the body of multicellular organisms and divide through mitosis. Approximately 220 types of somatic cells exist in the human body. Somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs
Cell division occurs when parent cell divides into two daughter cells. Eukaryotes have mitosis for identical cells and meiosis for gametes. Prokaryotes divide through binary fission or budding. All cell divisions require DNA replication before division