Mustafa Kemal was born in 1881 in Thessaloniki to Ali Rıza and Zübeyde Hanım. He attended military schools and graduated from Military Academy in 1905. His military career included victories at Gallipoli and Dardanelles campaigns. He became Major General in 1916 and commanded various armies during World War I
Feast of the Sacrifice celebrated on Zilhicce's tenth day for four days. Ramadan Feast lasts three days after one month of fasting. Hıdırellez celebrated on May 5-6 for wishes granted within a year
First official contact between Ottoman government and Turkish National Movement. Signed on October 22, 1919 in Amasya, Turkey. Increased credibility of Nationalist Movement among nation. Recognized rising Turkish revolutionary forces in Anatolia
Founded in late 1918 by İnas Darülfünunu students and graduates. Headed by Naciye Faham Hanım, Secretary General by Aliye Esad Hanım. Aimed to educate women physically and mentally. Planned to establish library, museum, laboratory and workshops
The Assembly's government is national, material and realistic. Two basic principles are complete independence and unconditional sovereignty. The nation should control the government, not just the government itself. The Assembly is not democratic or socialist, but emphasizes national sovereignty
National struggle aimed at complete independence and unconditional sovereignty. Independence was essential for maintaining Turkish nation's self-respect. Foreign protection was seen as deprivation of human quality. No power could deprive nation of its right to life