Born around 845, Árpád was the first head of Magyar tribes. His father Álmos was killed in Transylvania, possibly by Árpád. His name means "barley" in Hungarian
Hungary emerged from the Magyars' occupation of the Danube basin in late 9th century. According to László's theory, Hungary was created in 670 with Late Avars. Parts of Hungary were part of ancient Roman provinces of Pannonia and Dacia. Central plains were inhabited by nomadic peoples from Black Sea steppes
Chinese sources provide best information about ancient Turks, especially Sui and T'ang dynasties. The word 'Turk' means 'helmet' according to Chinese records. Notur, founder of Turkish power, first used 'Turk' as tribal designation in 543 AD. Tumen overthrew Geougen empire and assumed title of Khan