Screening detects unrecognized conditions or risk markers in asymptomatic individuals. Aims to identify conditions that could become diseases earlier. Not all screening tests benefit individuals, leading to potential adverse effects
Rare autosomal dominant hereditary disorder causing cancer development. Occurs in about 1 in 5,000 individuals in general population. Named after physicians Li and Fraumeni who identified it in childhood rhabdomyosarcoma cases
ACR TI-RADS is a standardized scoring system for thyroid nodules. System was published in 2017, replacing previous K-TIRADS and EU-TIRADS. Published malignancy rates: TR1 (0.3%), TR2 (1.5%), TR3 (4.8%), TR4 (9.1%), TR5 (35%)
Areolas are darker circular areas around nipples containing mammary gland ducts. Puberty causes raised nipples and darkening of areolas. Pregnancy causes darkening and increased blood vessel visibility. Montgomery glands provide lubrication and odor during breastfeeding. Menopause causes breast shape changes and areola shrinkage
Comprehensive healthcare service assessing overall health status and identifying risk factors. Includes diagnostic and testing practices for disease prevention and early diagnosis
PI-RADS v2 standardizes prostate MRI for cancer detection and staging. Guidelines aim to improve communication between radiologists and urologists. MRI is preferred over ultrasound for prostate cancer detection