There are 574 federally recognized tribes across the United States. Native American cultures vary significantly in language, beliefs, and practices. European colonization had a major impact through the Columbian exchange
Clan is a group united by actual or perceived kinship and descent. Members may identify with a coat of arms or other symbols. Many societies have clan-based exogamy rules. Clans preceded centralized forms of community organization
CHG lineage first identified in 2015 based on Western Eurasian populations. Diverged from WHGs during Last Glacial Maximum (45,000-26,000 years ago). Survived in isolation since late LGM period. Displayed high genetic affinity to Iranian Plateau hunter-gatherers
Founded by Edigu in 1406, Nogai Horde occupied Pontic-Caspian steppe from 1500. Manghuds formed core of Mongol tribe, later led by Edigu. Two main groups: northern under own Bey and northern under Crimean Khanate. Capital was Saraychik on lower Yaik river
Mohawks are easternmost nation of Iroquois Confederacy, known as "People of the flint". First encountered Europeans in 1609, killing four chiefs with steel weapons. Survived devastating smallpox epidemic in 1635, reducing population by 63%. Maintained trade with Dutch and French, gaining near-monopoly in fur trade
Vandals were Germanic people first mentioned in Roman records in Poland. Archaeologists associate them with Przeworsk culture and possibly Lugii. Early Vandals settled in Pannonia around 330 AD under Constantine's permission