Ionic compounds contain metal and nonmetal elements. Metal name comes first, followed by nonmetal name with "-ide" suffix. Transition metals use Roman numerals for charges
NaOH(s) + H2O(l) → Na+ + OH- + H2O + HEAT is not a reaction but dissolution. The enthalpy of solvation (ΔΗsol) is negative due to exothermic nature. Ionic interaction between Na+ and OH- occurs in water
Compounds fall into three categories: ionic, molecular, and acids. Ionic compounds contain metal cations and nonmetal anions. Molecular compounds consist of two non-metal elements. Acids contain hydrogen and an anion, always with no charge
Precipitation reaction occurs in aqueous solutions when two soluble salts combine. Two ionic bonds combine to form insoluble salts called precipitates. Reaction is usually a double displacement with solid residue formation
Lattice energy measures energy change during formation of crystalline ionic compounds. NaCl lattice energy is -786 kJ/mol according to standard definition. Some textbooks define it as energy needed to convert crystal to gaseous ions
Salts consist of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. Ions are held together by electrostatic ionic bonds. Salts can be inorganic (e.g., NaCl) or organic (e.g., acetate). Ions can be monatomic (e.g., Na+) or polyatomic (e.g., NH4+)