Ancient Egyptian law based on Ma'at concept, emphasizing tradition and equality. Sumerians developed first law code in 22nd century BC. Hammurabi codified Babylonian law in 1760 BC, inscribed in stone. Ancient Greeks distinguished between divine, human decree and custom law
en.wikipedia.org
{"cwp50":{"state":{"logoProps":{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr"},"formProps":{"action":"https://yandex.com.tr/search","searchLabel":"Bul"},"services":{"activeItemId":"summary","items":[{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/gundem/","title":"Gündem","id":"agenda"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/shopping/","title":"Alışveriş","id":"shopping"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/finance/","title":"Finans","id":"finance"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/yacevap/","title":"YaCevap","id":"answers"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/","title":"YaÖzet","id":"summary"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/travel/","title":"Seyahat","id":"travel"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/video/search?text=popüler+videolar","title":"Video","id":"video"},{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr/gorsel/","title":"Görsel","id":"images"}]},"userProps":{"loggedIn":false,"ariaLabel":"Menü","plus":false,"birthdayHat":false,"child":false,"dialogProps":{"host":"yandex.com.tr","lang":"tr","project":"summary","queryParams":{"exp_flags":"skin","preset":"oceania","utm_source":"portal-summary"},"retpath":"https%3A%2F%2Fyandex.com.tr%2Fyaozet%2Ft%2Fislami-hukuk%3Fncrnd%3D93958","tld":"com.tr","platform":"desktop"},"className":"PortalHeader-User"},"suggestProps":{"selectors":{"form":".HeaderForm","input":".HeaderForm-Input","submit":".HeaderForm-Submit","clear":".HeaderForm-Clear","layout":".HeaderForm-InputWrapper"},"suggestUrl":"https://yandex.com.tr/suggest/suggest-ya.cgi?show_experiment=222&show_experiment=224","deleteUrl":"https://yandex.com.tr/suggest-delete-text?srv=web&text_to_delete=","suggestPlaceholder":"Yapay zeka ile bul","platform":"desktop","hideKeyboardOnScroll":false,"additionalFormClasses":["mini-suggest_theme_tile","mini-suggest_overlay_tile","mini-suggest_expanding_yes","mini-suggest_prevent-empty_yes","mini-suggest_type-icon_yes","mini-suggest_personal_yes","mini-suggest_type-icon_yes","mini-suggest_rich_yes","mini-suggest_overlay_dark","mini-suggest_large_yes","mini-suggest_copy-fact_yes","mini-suggest_clipboard_yes","mini-suggest_turboapp_yes","mini-suggest_expanding_yes","mini-suggest_affix_yes","mini-suggest_carousel_yes","mini-suggest_traffic_yes","mini-suggest_re-request_yes","mini-suggest_source_yes","mini-suggest_favicon_yes","mini-suggest_more","mini-suggest_long-fact_yes","mini-suggest_hide-keyboard_yes","mini-suggest_clear-on-submit_yes","mini-suggest_focus-on-change_yes","mini-suggest_short-fact_yes","mini-suggest_app_yes","mini-suggest_grouping_yes","mini-suggest_entity-suggest_yes","mini-suggest_redesigned-navs_yes","mini-suggest_title-multiline_yes","mini-suggest_type-icon-wrapped_yes","mini-suggest_fulltext-highlight_yes","mini-suggest_fulltext-insert_yes","mini-suggest_lines_multi"],"counter":{"service":"summary_com_tr_desktop","url":"//yandex.ru/clck/jclck","timeout":300,"params":{"dtype":"stred","pid":"0","cid":"2873"}},"noSubmit":false,"formAction":"https://yandex.com.tr/search","tld":"com.tr","suggestParams":{"srv":"serp_com_tr_desktop","wiz":"TrWth","yu":"5460876761763829039","lr":20815,"uil":"tr","fact":1,"v":4,"use_verified":1,"safeclick":1,"skip_clickdaemon_host":1,"rich_nav":1,"verified_nav":1,"rich_phone":1,"use_favicon":1,"nav_favicon":1,"mt_wizard":1,"history":1,"nav_text":1,"maybe_ads":1,"icon":1,"hl":1,"n":10,"portal":1,"platform":"desktop","mob":0,"extend_fw":1,"suggest_entity_desktop":"1","entity_enrichment":"1","entity_max_count":"5"},"disableWebSuggest":false},"context":{"query":"","reqid":"1763829056621032-13024230098616155352-balancer-l7leveler-kubr-yp-sas-120-BAL","lr":"20815","aliceDeeplink":"{\"text\":\"\"}"},"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"cwp5w01-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"header_tr"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"header_tr"},"cwp51":{"state":{"links":[{"id":"0","title":"Ana Sayfa","url":"/yaozet/","target":"_self"},{"id":"1","title":"Talimatlar","url":"/yaozet/how_to","target":"_self"},{"id":"2","title":"Eğitim","url":"/yaozet/education","target":"_self"},{"id":"3","title":"Tıp","url":"/yaozet/medicine","target":"_self"},{"id":"4","title":"Yasalar","url":"/yaozet/law","target":"_self"},{"id":"5","title":"Finans","url":"/yaozet/finance","target":"_self"},{"id":"6","title":"Oyunlar","url":"/yaozet/games","target":"_self"},{"id":"7","title":"Ürünler","url":"/yaozet/ecom","target":"_self"},{"id":"8","title":"Seyahat","url":"/yaozet/travel","target":"_self"},{"id":"9","title":"Servisler","url":"/yaozet/services","target":"_self"},{"id":"10","title":"Sinema","url":"/yaozet/cinema","target":"_self"},{"id":"11","title":"Programlama","url":"/yaozet/programming","target":"_self"},{"id":"12","title":"Otomobil","url":"/yaozet/auto","target":"_self"},{"id":"13","title":"Yemek","url":"/yaozet/food","target":"_self"},{"id":"14","title":"Bilim","url":"/yaozet/science","target":"_self"},{"id":"15","title":"Spor","url":"/yaozet/sports","target":"_self"},{"id":"16","title":"Edebiyat","url":"/yaozet/literature","target":"_self"},{"id":"17","title":"Emlak","url":"/yaozet/real_estate","target":"_self"},{"id":"18","title":"Diğer","url":"/yaozet/other","target":"_self"}],"title":"Kategoriler","baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"cwp5w02-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"header_categories"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"header_categories"},"cwp52":{"state":{"pageUrl":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/t/islami-hukuk","form":{"name":"yaozet","action":"/yaozet/create","validatePath":"/yaozet/create/json"},"header":{"title":"İslami Hukuk","subtitle":"Özetteki ilgi çekici içerikler","homeUrl":"/yaozet/","hasShare":false,"canUseNativeShare":false,"extralinksItems":[{"variant":"reportFeedback","reportFeedback":{"feature":"YaOzet","title":"Bu yanıtta yanlış olan nedir?","checkBoxLabels":[{"value":"Uygunsuz veya aşağılayıcı yanıt"},{"value":"Bilgi az"},{"value":"Bilgi güncel değil"},{"value":"Görüntüleme hataları"},{"value":"Diğer"}]}}]},"isIndex":false,"langFilter":{"selectedLang":"en","langOptions":[{"id":"all","href":"/yaozet/t/islami-hukuk"},{"id":"tr","href":"/yaozet/t/islami-hukuk?lang-filter=tr"},{"id":"en","href":"/yaozet/t/islami-hukuk?lang-filter=en"}]},"feed":{"feedPath":"/yaozet/t/islami-hukuk/json","paramsNext":{"last_video_score":"0","last_video_sharing_id":"","last_text_sharing_id":"XkELKQY2","last_text_score":"3","lang-filter":"en"},"items":[{"title":"Evolution of Legal Systems","text":"Ancient Egyptian law based on Ma'at concept, emphasizing tradition and equality. Sumerians developed first law code in 22nd century BC. Hammurabi codified Babylonian law in 1760 BC, inscribed in stone. Ancient Greeks distinguished between divine, human decree and custom law","detailed":{"text":"Ancient Egyptian law based on Ma'at concept, emphasizing tradition and equality. Sumerians developed first law code in 22nd century BC. Hammurabi codified Babylonian law in 1760 BC, inscribed in stone. Ancient Greeks distinguished between divine, human decree and custom law","chapters":[{"id":0,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Ancient Egyptian law based on Ma'at concept, emphasizing tradition and equality"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Sumerians developed first law code in 22nd century BC"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Hammurabi codified Babylonian law in 1760 BC, inscribed in stone"},{"id":3,"link":null,"text":"Ancient Greeks distinguished between divine, human decree and custom law"}],"title":"Ancient Civilizations"},{"id":1,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Roman law heavily influenced by Greek teachings, forming modern legal foundation"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Justinian codified Roman law in 6th century AD, creating Corpus Juris Civilis"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Medieval Europe developed decentralized legal culture with local case law"},{"id":3,"link":null,"text":"Norman conquest introduced Norman legal concepts to England"}],"title":"Medieval Europe"},{"id":2,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"European law combines codified systems with English common law tradition"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"French Napoleonic Code and German Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch influenced civil law"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"European Union law codified in treaties, developed through European Court of Justice"}],"title":"Modern Europe"},{"id":3,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"African legal systems based on common law and traditional customs"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"US legal system developed primarily from English common law"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Many African states passed laws orally before colonization"},{"id":3,"link":null,"text":"Japan and China modernized legal systems along western lines"}],"title":"Africa and Americas"},{"id":4,"theses":[{"id":0,"link":null,"text":"Islamic law developed important institutions like Hawala value transfer system"},{"id":1,"link":null,"text":"Islamic law influenced development of French and Italian civil law"},{"id":2,"link":null,"text":"Catholic canon law, oldest continuously functioning Western legal system"}],"title":"Islamic Law"}],"keypoints":null},"type":"text","categoryId":"law","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_history","urlProcessed":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/law/evolution-of-legal-systems-id6-XkELKQY2","pageUrl":"https://yandex.com.tr/yaozet/t/islami-hukuk","sharingPath":"law/evolution-of-legal-systems-id6-XkELKQY2","tags":[{"href":"/yaozet/t/hukuk","text":"Hukuk"},{"href":"/yaozet/t/tarih","text":"Tarih"},{"href":"/yaozet/t/kanunlar","text":"Kanunlar"},{"href":"/yaozet/t/islami-hukuk","text":"İslami Hukuk"},{"href":"/yaozet/t/antik-medeniyetler","text":"Antik Medeniyetler"}]}]},"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"cwp5w03-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary_main_response"}}}}},"type":"summary_main_response"},"cwp53":{"state":{"isIndex":false,"form":{"name":"yaozet","action":"/yaozet/create","validatePath":"/yaozet/create/json"},"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"cwp5w04-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"right-column"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"right-column"},"cwp54":{"state":{"generalLinks":[{"id":"privacy-policy","text":"Gizlilik politikası","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/legal/privacy_policy/tr/"},{"id":"terms-of-service","text":"Kullanıcı sözleşmesi","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/legal/yaozet_termsofuse"},{"id":"report-error","text":"Hata bildir","url":"https://forms.yandex.com.tr/surveys/13748122.01a6645a1ef15703c9b82a7b6c521932ddc0e3f7/"},{"id":"about-company","text":"Şirket hakkında","url":"https://yandex.com.tr/project/portal/contacts/"}],"copyright":{"url":"https://yandex.com.tr","currentYear":2025},"socialLinks":[{"url":"https://www.tiktok.com/@yandex.turkiye","type":"tiktok","title":"TikTok"},{"url":"https://www.youtube.com/@YandexTurkiye","type":"youtube","title":"Youtube"},{"url":"https://www.facebook.com/YandexComTr","type":"facebook","title":"Facebook"},{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/yandex__turkiye/","type":"instagram","title":"Instagram"},{"url":"https://x.com/yndxturkiye","type":"x","title":"X"}],"categoriesLink":[],"baobab":{"parentNode":{"context":{"genInfo":{"prefix":"cwp5w05-0-1"},"ui":"desktop","service":"summary","fast":{"name":"summary","subtype":"footer_tr"}}}}},"type":"summary","subtype":"footer_tr"}}