Philip II became king of Macedonia at age twenty. Alexander tamed his horse Bucephalus at age ten. Aristotle tutored him from thirteen to sixteen years
Founded by Cyrus the Great in Western Asia in 550 BCE. Empire covered 5.5 million square kilometers from Balkans to Indus Valley. Alexander the Great conquered most of empire by 330 BCE
Macedon was founded in 7th century BCE by Caranus, named after Greek god Makedon. Macedonians initially considered barbarians by southern Greeks for timber resources. Kingdom divided between highlands and lowlands with fertile plains
Born in 356 BCE in Pella to Philip II and Olympias. Trained by Aristotle from age 13 to 20. Became king of Macedonia at age 20 after father's assassination
Bactria was located between Hindu Kush mountains and Oxus river. Country featured fertile plains, desert, and cold mountains. BMAC culture dates to c.2200-1700 BCE. Zarathustra founded Zoroastrianism in second half of second millennium BCE
Bactria was a Persian province located in modern Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan. After Darius III's defeat, Bactria resisted Alexander the Great's rule. Alexander conquered Bactria between 329-327 BCE with local auxiliary forces. Alexander married Bactrian woman Roxanne to aid his control efforts