Charlemagne established empire in 800 CE, later divided into core territories. Otto I's coronation in 962 marked start of First Reich. Empire was loose confederation of independent territories. Abolished in 1806 by Emperor Francis II
Peter the Great ruled Russia for 43 years from 1682 to 1725. Initiated extensive reforms to westernize Russia. Russia became a leading European power through his reforms
Spain's name comes from Roman Hispania, meaning "land of metals". Peninsula inhabited by Celts, Iberians, and other pre-Roman peoples. Romans conquered peninsula in 210 BCE, establishing Hispania province. Visigoths established kingdom in Toledo after Roman Empire's fall
Blonde hair is rare in Japan, but common in anime characters. Most blonde characters are female protagonists. List includes characters from various franchises and genres
Born in Sines, Portugal around 1460s to Estêvão da Gama and Isabel Sodré. Joined Order of Santiago around 1480, later switched to Order of Christ. Served as Portuguese ambassador to France in 1492
Constantine the Great established Constantinople as new imperial capital in 330. Christianity became official religion in late 4th century. Germanic invasions began in 376, marking Western Roman Empire's end. Theodosius I ruled until his death in 395, dividing empire permanently