Shaft supported by thrust bearing at B and journal bearing at C. Internal loads calculated using moment equations of equilibrium. Negative signs indicate loads acting opposite to FBD
ANSYS solves linear static analysis using matrix equation [K]{x} = (F). Assumes constant [K] and linear elastic material behavior. No time-varying forces or inertial effects considered
Design calculates strain state for unknown reinforcement using internal forces. Two or three nonlinear equations solved using Newton method. Design can be based on given reinforcement ratio or dimension-dependent method. Minimum reinforcement checks available for compression and bending members
SAP 2000 has global (XYZ) and local (123) coordinate systems. Global system handles joint displacements and reactions. Local system manages element loads and internal forces
Three types of internal forces exist: normal force, shear force, and bending moment. Forces are measured in N/lb for normal and shear, Nm/ft-lb for bending moment. Normal force is axial, shear force is transverse in 2D analysis
Structural support provides stiffness to resist internal forces and guide them to ground. Structures can be horizontal (floor/roof) or vertical (walls, frames). Architecture doesn't require structure, but buildings need both load-bearing and non-load-bearing parts